Kif Tħassar Kernels Qadim Mhux Użati f'Debian u Ubuntu


Fl-aħħar artiklu tagħna, spjegajna kif tħassar qlub qodma mhux użati f'CentOS/RHEL/Fedora. F'dan l-artikolu, aħna se nispjegaw kif tħassar qlub qodma mhux użati fis-sistemi Debian u Ubuntu, iżda qabel ma timxi aktar, tista 'tkun trid tinstalla l-aħħar verżjoni sabiex tieħu vantaġġ minn: soluzzjonijiet ta' sigurtà, funzjonijiet ġodda tal-kernel, sewwieqa aġġornati eċċ. hafna aktar.

Biex taġġorna l-kernel tiegħek għall-aħħar verżjoni f'Ubuntu u Debian, segwi din il-gwida:

  1. Kif Taġġorna Kernel għall-Aħħar Verżjoni f'Ubuntu

Importanti: Huwa rakkomandabbli li żżomm mill-inqas qlub wieħed jew żewġ qodma biex taqa 'lura f'każ li jkun hemm problema b'aġġornament.

Biex issir taf il-verżjoni attwali tal-kernel Linux li qed taħdem fis-sistema tiegħek, uża l-kmand li ġej.

$ uname -sr

Linux 4.12.0-041200-generic

Biex telenka l-kernels installati kollha fis-sistema tiegħek, agħti dan il-kmand.

$ dpkg -l | grep linux-image | awk '{print$2}'

linux-image-4.12.0-041200-generic
linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-22-generic
linux-image-generic

Neħħi Kernels Qadim Mhux użati fuq Debian u Ubuntu

Mexxi l-kmandi hawn taħt biex tneħħi immaġni linux partikolari flimkien mal-fajls tal-konfigurazzjoni tagħha, imbagħad aġġorna l-konfigurazzjoni grub2, u fl-aħħar ibda mill-ġdid is-sistema.

$ sudo apt remove --purge linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic
$ sudo update-grub2
$ sudo reboot
[sudo] password for tecmint: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  linux-generic linux-headers-4.8.0-59 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-generic
Suggested packages:
  fdutils linux-doc-4.8.0 | linux-source-4.8.0 linux-tools
Recommended packages:
  thermald
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic* linux-image-extra-4.8.0-22-generic*
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  linux-headers-4.8.0-59 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
  linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
3 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 2 to remove and 182 not upgraded.
Need to get 72.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 81.7 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.8.0-59 all 4.8.0-59.64 [10.2 MB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [811 kB]                                                               
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [1,782 B]                                                                               
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [2,320 B]                                                                       
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [23.6 MB]                                                                
Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [37.4 MB]                                                          
Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [2,348 B]                                                                         
Fetched 72.0 MB in 7min 12s (167 kB/s)                                                                                                                                                       
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.8.0-59.
(Reading database ... 104895 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-linux-headers-4.8.0-59_4.8.0-59.64_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.8.0-59 (4.8.0-59.64) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../1-linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic_4.8.0-59.64_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic (4.8.0-59.64) ...
Preparing to unpack .../2-linux-generic_4.8.0.59.72_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-generic (4.8.0.59.72) over (4.8.0.22.31) ...
Preparing to unpack .../3-linux-headers-generic_4.8.0.59.72_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-headers-generic (4.8.0.59.72) over (4.8.0.22.31) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../4-linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic_4.8.0-59.64_amd64.deb ...
Done.
Removing linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic (4.8.0-22.24) ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-22-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 4.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-22-generic
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-041200-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-041200-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-59-generic
done
...

Għalkemm dan il-metodu jaħdem tajjeb, huwa aktar affidabbli u effiċjenti li tuża skript handy imsejjaħ byobu li jgħaqqad il-kmandi kollha ta 'hawn fuq fi programm wieħed b'għażliet utli bħall-ispeċifikazzjoni tan-numru ta' qlub li jżomm fis-sistema.

Installa byobu script package li jipprovdi programm imsejjaħ purge-old-kernels użat biex jitneħħew qlub qodma u pakketti header mis-sistema.

$ sudo apt install byobu

Imbagħad neħħi qlub qodma hekk (il-kmand hawn taħt jippermetti li jinżammu 2 qlub fis-sistema).

$ sudo purge-old-kernels --keep 2

Tista' wkoll tixtieq taqra dawn l-artikoli relatati li ġejjin dwar il-qalba tal-Linux.

  1. Kif Tagħbija u Ħatt Moduli Kernel fil-Linux
  2. Kif tibdel il-parametri tal-kernel runtime b'mod persistenti u mhux persistenti

F'dan l-artikolu, iddeskrivejna kif tneħħi immaġini qodma tal-qalba mhux użati fuq is-sistemi Ubuntu u Debian. Tista' taqsam kwalunkwe ħsibijiet permezz tar-rispons minn hawn taħt.